attention

The Von Restorff effect is the tendency to remember items that stand out from their surroundings more than items that blend in.

Salience bias is the tendency to focus on the most noticeable or emotionally striking information, while ignoring less vivid but often more important data.

Negativity bias is the tendency to give more weight to negative experiences or information than to positive ones of equal intensity.

The frequency illusion is the tendency to notice something more often after we first become aware of it, making it seem like it suddenly occurs more frequently.

Overemphasizing one aspect while ignoring others.

Inattentional blindness is the failure to notice a visible but unexpected object or event because attention is focused elsewhere.

Change blindness is the failure to notice large changes in a visual scene when they occur during a brief disruption or distraction.

Attentional bias is the tendency for our attention to be drawn more strongly to certain types of stimuli—such as threats, rewards, or concerns—shaping what we notice, think about, and remember.

Selective perception is the tendency to notice, interpret, and remember information that fits our expectations or goals while overlooking or downplaying conflicting information.